Baikonur
Asia
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Kazakhstan
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Baikonur
Baikonur is a city unlike any other, a must-visit for anyone fascinated by modern history and space exploration. However, its past shrouded in secrecy presents a unique challenge for travelers.
Born from the top-secret Soviet military space program, Baikonur's very existence was hidden for decades. Located in the remote plains of Southern Kazakhstan, near the Syr Darya River and the Moscow-Tashkent railway, the tiny fishing town of Tyuratam was chosen as the ideal launch site. To further conceal its true purpose, it was named after a Kazakh mining town 400 kilometers north - a clever ploy. The name of the newly built city near the launch site itself went through several changes throughout history, from Tyuratam to Kaliningrad and finally Leninsk. Only in 1993, coinciding with Kazakhstan's independence, did it officially become Baikonur.
Following the fall of the Soviet Union, Baikonur became a Russian enclave leased to Russia until 2050. While no longer classified as military territory since 2011, the city remains heavily guarded.
Baikonur experiences a continental climate. Summers are hot and dry, reaching up to 40°C. Winters are cold, with temperatures dropping to -10°C. Spring and early autumn offer the most comfortable weather for visiting.
Travel Tips for Baikonur
What you need to know before traveling here
Getting Around Baikonur
A guide to Baikonur's local transportation
For short distances or if you're feeling adventurous, Baikonur is a walkable city. Most sights are easily accessible on foot, allowing you to take in the local atmosphere. Just remember to carry your passport and permit with you at all times.
Practical Tips for Baikonur
Things to prepare and best way to visit
Witnessing a launch at Baikonur, Kazakhstan, the world's oldest and largest spaceport, is an incredible opportunity. However, keep in mind there are restrictions and requirements for visitors.
The cost of a Baikonur tour to witness a launch can vary depending on the package you choose. For example, a tour to see the Progress MS-27 launch on June 3rd, 2024 ranges from 2150 EUR per person for a standard package. A VIP package for the same launch would cost 5350 EUR per person.
It's important to note that these are just sample prices and may vary depending on the launch date and chosen company. Always check the official website of the tour operator for the latest pricing information on Baikonur tours.
Once called Leninsk, Baikonur is a Kazakh city leased by Russia (until 2050) to manage the Baikonur Cosmodrome.
The fastest route involves flying to Kyzylorda, the nearest city with scheduled flights from Almaty. Once in Kyzylorda, you can connect to Baikonur by train or bus, similar to the options below.
For a more budget-friendly option, consider taking a direct train from Almaty to Toretam Station, located near Baikonur. While this train journey takes over 24 hours, it's a more economical choice.
Keep in mind that Baikonur's airports have limited commercial flights and are primarily used for internal purposes. There is a direct flight from Moscow to Baikonur three times a week, but this isn't a realistic option for most travelers from Almaty.
The distance between Almaty and Baikonur is 1,110 kilometers (689 miles) by road.
See All Practical Tips for Baikonur
Travel Tips for Baikonur
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