What Is Durga Puja? Unravelling the Spirit of Durga Mata Puja
Durga Mata Puja (also known as Durga Puja or Durgotsava) is one of the most cherished festivals in the Hindu calendar—especially in the eastern parts of India. While it honours the goddess Durga’s victory over the demon Mahishasura, this festival also weaves together mythology, artistry, devotion, and communal spirit. Drawing on trusted sources both timeless and contemporary, let's explore its origins, rituals, significance, and schedule for 2025.
Mythology and Origins
At the heart of the festival lies the story of Durga slaying the buffalo demon Mahishasura. This tale, vivid and symbolic, is captured in the Devi Mahatmya section of the Markandeya Purana (5th–6th centuries CE). Durga emerges as the embodiment of divine energy, defeating a cunning and shape-shifting adversary created by gods to combat evil.
The concept of akalbodhan—the “untimely awakening” of the goddess—is another myth often linked to Lord Rama, as per 14th-century Bengali interpretations of the Ramayana. According to this version, Rama invoked Durga before his battle, and the festival later came to be celebrated in autumn rather than spring.
Historically, the festival’s early rituals are recorded in 16th-century noble households in Bengal. Community-wide celebrations, known as sarbajanin puja, took shape in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Notably, the “Baro-yaari” puja by twelve friends in Guptipara (circa 1790) transformed into the first public Durga Mata Puja in Kolkata by the early 1900s.
Over time, especially during colonial times, Durga Mata Puja evolved from elite family observances into a festival celebrated in public, with artistic pandals and cultural gatherings becoming central to the experience.
A burning lamp in a traditional Puja ritual with Goddess Durga in the background, captured during the Durga Puja festival in Kolkata.
Rituals and Symbolism
The festival begins with Mahalaya, the moment when the goddess is believed to return to earth. Devotees often listen to Chandi Path broadcasts, marking the spiritual onset of the event.
The last five days—from Shashthi to Vijaya Dashami—are celebrated with great devotion:
Shashthi: The ceremony of Bodhan or “awakening” of Durga begins, often with the ritual called Kalparambha.
Saptami: Devotees perform Nabapatrika puja, worshipping nine plants tied together, symbolising the nine forms of the goddess.
Ashtami: One of the most significant days. Devotees offer Anjali (flower tributes), and the dramatic Sandhi Puja—performed at the transition between Ashtami and Navami—marks the precise moment of Durga’s triumph.
Ritual dance known as Dhunuchi Nritya—performed to the persistent beat of the dhak drum and accompanied by incense burners—is a key cultural highlight during these days.
Navami involves concluding rituals, including fire offerings (homa) and final salutations.
Vijaya Dashami concludes with the immersion (visarjan) of Durga Mata’s idol in water, symbolising her return to Mount Kailash and Shiva. Married women often partake in Sindoor Khela, applying vermilion on each other as a gesture of blessings and farewell
When Is Durga Mata Puja in 2025?
Here are the key dates for the 2025 Durga Mata Puja:
Panchami – Saturday, 27 September — Bilva Nimantran.
Shashthi – Sunday, 28 September — Kalparambha, Akal Bodhan, Amantran and Adhivas.
Saptami – Monday, 29 September — Kolabou Puja.
Ashtami – Tuesday, 30 September — Kumari Puja, Sandhi Puja.
Navami – Wednesday, 1 October — Durga Balidan, Navami Homa.
Dashami (Vijaya Dashami) – Thursday, 2 October — Durga Visarjan, Sindoor Utsav.
In summary, 28 September to 2 October 2025 are the principal days when Durga Mata Puja awakens, reigns, and bids farewell across communities.
Traditional Bengali dishes for Indian Hindu Goddess Durga Puja or festive food.
Why It Resonates So Deeply
Myth and Meaning: It symbolises triumph over darkness and adversity.
Artistry: The festival reflects regional craftsmanship—from sculpting idols to designing grand pandals.
Community: It brings together people across classes and generations in a shared cultural pulse.
Cultural Showcase: The festival has become a stage for artistic expression and collective identity, locally and globally.
Traditions & Guidelines: Observing with Reverence
While there’s no fixed “rulebook,” it's customary to:
Offer respectful participation—dress modestly, especially in pandals or temples.
Join in Anjali and Aarti, and partake humbly in Bhog.
During Sindoor Khela, married women traditionally wear white saris to make the red vermilion smearing more symbolic.
Handle the Visarjan (immersion procession) with care—respecting local norms and environmental considerations.
How People Celebrate: Public Finesse & Cultural Fervour
Durga Puja is biggest festival of Hinduism.
Across West Bengal—especially Kolkata, where it's a UNESCO-listed cultural heritage—the streets come alive:
Thousands of pandals light up the city, each uniquely themed, from mythological to socio-political installations.
Streets overflow with crowds, music (Dhak drums), chants, fairs, and all-night access to shops and eateries.
The Durga Puja Carnival (Kolkata) adds artistic spectacle with cultural performances and parades down Red Road.
Across India and globally, community gatherings, devotional readings, exhibitions, and shared feasts bring people together.
Feast-Time: What to Eat During Durga Mata Puja
Food is a cherished part of Puja celebration:
Bhog typically includes khichuri (rice-lentil porridge), labra (mixed vegetable curry), and sweets like payesh, served first to the goddess then shared with devotees.
Households and pandals often serve street-style treats—fritters, sweets, and regional favourites that evoke festive nostalgia.
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Best Places to Experience Durga Mata Puja
Kolkata: The grandest setting—explore artistic pandals, enjoy the Carnival, and feel the communal pulse.
Other regions: States such as Assam, Odisha, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Tripura celebrate with their own rituals and spirit.
International: Bengali communities across the globe—US, Canada, Europe, South Africa, Australia—hold community pujas with equal zeal
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: Why does Durga Puja always fall in September–October?
It occurs in the Hindu month of Ashvin, typically aligning with September or October in the Gregorian calendar.
Q2: What are the main days of celebration?
The most significant days are Shashthi, Saptami, Ashtami, Navami, and Vijaya Dashami—the final five of a ten-day period.
Q3: What is the significance of Sindoor Khela?
On Vijaya Dashami, married women smear vermilion on each other and the goddess—symbolising marital blessings and communal joy.
Q4: What is Dhunuchi Nritya?
A devotional dance performed with incense burners (dhunuchis) and traditional drums, mostly during Ashtami to Dashami, by devotees in devotional fervour.
Q5: Are there differences across regions?
Yes—while core rituals remain, variations in styles, food, displays, and processions reflect local traditions across states and across the world
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Top 10 Hotels in Singapore for Durga Mata Puja Celebrations
1. Raffles Hotel Singapore
A storied icon dating back to colonial times, Raffles exudes timeless elegance with its high-ceilinged suites and lush Palm Court. Its heritage charm and fine Indian dining make it especially apt for Durga Mata Puja travel.
2. Shangri-La Singapore
A lush haven just off Orchard Road, Shangri-La offers sprawling tropical gardens and excellent amenities. The serene garden wing is ideal for tranquil reflection after a day at Puja pandals.
3. The Fullerton Hotel Singapore
Set within a neoclassical landmark, this hotel offers magnificent views of Marina Bay and easy access to cultural hotspots. It’s ideal for families or visitors who appreciate refined surroundings.
4. Marina Bay Sands
Though not explicitly cited, this famed architectural marvel is a must for dramatic skyline views and proximity to the cultural heart of Little India.
5. Pan Pacific Singapore / PARKROYAL COLLECTION (Marina Bay & Pickering)
Recognised by Forbes as top-tier hotels, these are meticulously maintained and ideally located for both sightseeing and festival excursions.
6. Capella Singapore
Nestled in a rainforest-like setting on Sentosa, this is a great option if you seek peace after festival crowds—though a bit removed from the centre.
7. The St. Regis Singapore
Located in the Embassy District and close to Orchard Road and Botanic Gardens, this hotel blends art-filled interiors with indulgent service—great for Puja-goers seeking luxury and calm.
8. Mandarin Oriental Singapore
Praised by Condé Nast Traveler, this property stands out for its elegant views over Marina Bay and polished comfort—ideal for an indulgent stay.
9. The Singapore Edition or The Standard
These trendy options offer a modern twist on hospitality with distinctive décor, ideal for younger travellers or those fond of a stylish setting.
10. YOTEL Singapore Orchard Road or Carlton Hotel
Great mid-range options that combine convenience, affordability, and comfort—perfect for those prioritising budget without compromise.
Why These Stays Shine During Durga Mata Puja
Convenient Access to Little India – Most are located near MRT lines or taxi routes leading to pandal hubs.
Combining Tradition & Luxury – Heritage hotels like Raffles or Fullerton offer cultural grace; modern ones like The Edition offer creative flair.
Serenity After Celebrations – Resorts like Shangri-La and Capella provide calm retreats for rest after festive bustle.
Culinary Complements – Many feature Indian or diverse cuisine—perfect for Puja-related feasting or communal dining.
You can plan your Durga Mata Puja celebration with ease by booking attraction tickets, hotels, and flight tickets directly through the Traveloka App. Discover more about the festival, secure your stay, and arrange your travel in just a few taps for a smooth and memorable festive experience.
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