RS Lancang Kuning is a general hospital initially built as a health pavilion named Paviliun Lancang Kuning and was a part of Regional General Hospital (RSUD) Pekanbaru in 1992.

As the needs for a bigger healthcare facility grew, the management decided to build a new hospital in 2003 and named it RS Lancang Kuning. The hospital officially started its operations in 2005 with a vision to provide excellent healthcare services in a comfortable environment.